Diabetes Complications-Pharmacologic Agents infographic

Pharmacologic Agents infographic

Pdf Summary

The infographic summarizes recommendations from the American Diabetes Association's (ADA) 2023 Standards of Care for managing diabetes and obesity. It highlights the role of incretins and weight management in treating type 2 diabetes. Key insights include:<br /><br />- **Incretins' Benefits**: These agents can delay the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes, improve glycemic control, reduce the need for other glucose-lowering medications, substantially lower A1C and fasting glucose levels, and potentially lead to diabetes remission. They also help achieve meaningful weight loss and reduce health risks associated with obesity.<br /><br />- **Treatment Options**: For individuals with type 2 diabetes and obesity, treatment options include:<br />  - **Intensive behavioral counseling**<br />  - **Obesity pharmacotherapy**<br />  - **Bariatric surgery**<br /><br />  These treatments are categorized based on body mass index (BMI), with special cut points recommended for Asian American individuals.<br /><br />- **Weight Management in Medication Selection**: When selecting glucose-lowering medications for overweight or obese individuals with type 2 diabetes:<br />  - Consider the medication's effect on weight.<br />  - Minimize medications linked to weight gain.<br />  - Use obesity pharmacotherapy as an adjunct to nutrition, exercise, and counseling for those with a BMI of 27 kg/m² or higher.<br /><br />- **Efficacy and Adaptation of Obesity Pharmacotherapy**: Initial effectiveness is marked by a 5% weight loss after three months. Adjustments, including discontinuation or substitutions, may be considered if the response is insufficient or if safety concerns arise.<br /><br />The graphic categorizes glucose-lowering medications by weight loss impact: <br />- **Very High**: Exenatide, Lixisenatide, Semaglutide, Tirzepatide, Dulaglutide, Liraglutide.<br />- **High**: Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i).<br />- **Intermediate**: Metformin.<br />- **Neutral**: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4i).<br /><br />The infographic serves as a guide for healthcare professionals in managing diabetes and assisting patients in weight management strategies.

Keywords

American Diabetes Association

2023 Standards of Care

type 2 diabetes

incretins

weight management

obesity pharmacotherapy

bariatric surgery

glucose-lowering medications

A1C reduction

BMI guidelines