Personalizing Nutrition by the Clock for Diabetes Prevention | Recording-Personalizing Nutrition by the Clock for Diabetes Prevention

Video Transcription

Video Summary

The ADA Nutritional Science and Metabolism Interest Group hosted a webinar focusing on personalized nutrition and time-restricted eating (TRE) for diabetes prevention, featuring Dr. Daisy Duan and Dr. Kelsey Gable. Dr. Duan outlined the role of circadian rhythms—internal 24-hour biological clocks regulated primarily by light—and their influence on metabolism. Disruptions like night shift work and late eating are linked to increased metabolic risk, including obesity and prediabetes. TRE, a form of intermittent fasting restricting daily eating to 8–10 hours aligned with circadian rhythms, may improve metabolic health. Animal studies showed benefits without calorie reduction, but human trials reveal mixed results. Controlled feeding studies with fixed calories found no significant differences between TRE and usual eating patterns for weight loss or glucose control, suggesting benefits may stem largely from unintentional calorie reduction in free-living conditions. Dr. Duan’s research highlights that late meals raise postprandial glucose and impair fat metabolism, effects linked to circadian misalignment rather than just eating before sleep.<br /><br />Dr. Gable emphasized practical application of TRE, advising clients to consume usual foods within the eating window, avoid high-calorie beverages outside it, limit caffeine after 7 p.m., and monitor for initial side effects like hunger or headaches. Interdisciplinary care is key, especially for those with diabetes managing medications. TRE suits many but isn’t recommended for children under 12, pregnant women, or those with eating disorders. Their combined findings suggest early-day eating aligned with circadian rhythms may optimize metabolic outcomes, although more research is needed, including in diverse populations and diabetes types. Exercise timing varies individually but should be adopted flexibly for overall health. The webinar concluded with Q&A covering pediatric TRE research, diet soda consumption, meal frequency, medication adjustments, and cultural considerations in eating timing.

Keywords

personalized nutrition

time-restricted eating

diabetes prevention

circadian rhythms

metabolic health

intermittent fasting

postprandial glucose

eating window

interdisciplinary care

early-day eating